<p>Lake Washington Boulevard is a scenic, approximately 8 mi, route through Seattle, Washington, that hugs Lake Washington for much of the drive. There are views of the lake, small sections of rainforest, meadows, and views of the Cascade mountains. At its northern end, Lake Washington Boulevard originates as East Lake Washington Boulevard at Montlake Boulevard East, soon becomes Lake Washington Boulevard East, and runs through the length of the Washington Park Arboretum. The road begins at S. Juneau Street in Seward Park, running thence along the lake to Colman Park, just south of Interstate 90. From here north to E. Alder Street in Leschi, the lakeside road is named Lakeside Avenue, and Lake Washington Boulevard diverts to a winding route through Colman, Frink, and Leschi Parks. At E. Alder, the boulevard once again runs along the lake through Madrona Park to just north of Madrona Drive, where private residences occupy the shore. At E. Denny-Blaine Place, the road heads northwest, through Lakeview Park and the grounds of The Bush School, to the south entrance of the Arboretum at E. Madison Street. It continues through the Arboretum. Just north of E. Roanoke Street, the boulevard turns due west and changes from Lake Washington Boulevard E. to E. Lake Washington Boulevard, following the city&#39;s street name designation system. The boulevard ends at the Montlake overpass of 520, where E. Montlake Place E. becomes Montlake Boulevard E.</p><br>
<p>The road is popular among cyclists—indeed, it was originally conceived as a bicycle path before automobiles had become widespread—and is closed to auto-traffic ten days out of the year for recreation.</p><br>
<p>The road was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>Col dAspin   is a mountain pass in the French Pyrenees in the department of the Hautes-Pyrénées. It connects Sainte-Marie-de-Campan, in the upper Adour valley, with Arreau, on the River Neste.</p><br>
<h2>Details of the climbs</h2><br>
<p>From Sainte-Marie-de-Campan (west), the ascent is 12.8 km in length, gaining 642 m in height, at an average of 5%. In comparison with its neighbour, the Col du Tourmalet, this is considered an "easy" climb, with only the last five kilometres, at about 8%, being difficult.</p><br>
<p>From Arreau (east), the climb is more difficult; over 12.0 km the climb averages 6.5%, gaining 779 m in height.</p><br>
<p>On both sides of the Col de l&#39;Aspin mountain pass cycling milestones are placed every kilometre. They indicate the height of the summit, the distance to the summit, the current height, and the average slope in the following kilometre. Such signposting for cyclists has become common in most major mountain passes in the French Pyrenees and Alps.</p><br>
<h2>Tour de France</h2><br>
<p>The pass has been part of the Tour de France 71 times, largely because it is the middle link in a chain of three road climbs, the other links being the Col du Tourmalet (2,115 m) and Col de Peyresourde (1,569 m). The first time the Col d&#39;Aspin was crossed was in 1910, when the leader over the summit was Octave Lapize.</p><br>
<p>In the 1950 Tour, there was an altercation at the pass, with bottles and stones being thrown at the riders, and the Italian team with Gino Bartali and Fiorenzo Magni, the leaders at the time, withdrew from the Tour at the end of the stage from Pau to Saint-Gaudens.</p><br>
<p>It was included in Stage 16 of the 2012 tour.</p><br>
<h3>Appearances in Tour de France since 1947</h3><br>
<p>Petexbatún is a small lake formed by a river of the same name, which is a tributary of the La Pasion river. It is near Sayaxché, located in the southern area of the Guatemalan department of Petén.</p><br>
<p>Archaeologists gave the name of Petexbatún State to a group of cities during the Classic period of the Maya Civilization that include Seibal, Itzan, Dos Pilas, Aguateca, Tamarindito, Punta de Chimino, Nacimiento, and others. This State was the first to be abandoned in the Late Classic, when the Maya Collapse occurred in a south to north pattern, although Seibal, may have been reoccupied by a foreign group, possibly the Putún Maya, according to the style of the Stelas in this period. The archaeological findings here have given a lot of information about the Collapse of the Classic Maya Civilization.</p><br>
<p>Capricorn Mountain is one of the several volcanic peaks of the Mount Meager massif in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. The slopes of Capricorn Mountain appear to be more gentle than other volcanic peaks of the massif. The mountain consists of a boomerang-shaped ridge, with one summit on each end of the boomerang and the main summit in the centre.</p><br>
<p>On August 6, 2010, a large debris flow started in the vicinity of the Capricorn Mountain. The dam created by the debris flow, on Meager Creek, lasted about one day and was about 30 m high, and impounded water in a temporary lake about 4 km long. The debris flow also crossed the Lillooet River downstream and wiped out a forestry road on the opposite bank of the Lillooet River. The response of emergency personnel, fearing a sudden failure of the dam on Meager Creek, was to direct residents on the Lillooet River floodplain, in the village of Pemberton 55 km downstream and in the Lil&#39;wat community at Mount Currie to evacuate the area.</p><br>
<p>Salinas Peak is the highest point in the San Andres Mountains of south-central New Mexico, in the United States. It lies near the northern end of the range, about 50 mi northwest of Alamogordo and 50 mi southeast of Socorro. To the east lies the Tularosa Basin, while to the west is the Jornada del Muerto.</p><br>
<p>The peak is located within the White Sands Missile Range, and hence is closed to the public. However a road on the northwest side leads to the top, where there are radio towers and a heliport. About 20 miles (32 km) to the north lies the Trinity Site, where the first atomic bomb test occurred in 1945. Bighorn sheep, mule deer, and mountain lion are present in the area, which has retained much of its wilderness character outside of the few installations of the Missile Range.</p><br>
<p>Like many of the San Andres Mountains, Salinas Peak is rugged, rising sharply 4,900 feet (1,500 m) out of the surrounding basins. This makes it one of New Mexico&#39;s largest peaks in terms of local relief. It is a northwest-tilted fault-block, with a steep southeastern escarpment. The peak juts out to the east by a few miles from the main ridge trend, leading to deeply incised canyons on the north and south sides of the peak. Only a small section of the northwestern side is moderately angled.</p><br>
<p>The Crater GlacierThe official name for this feature is "Crater Glacier", as decided by an 8-4 vote of the USA Board on Geographic Names, Domestic Names Committee, in June 2006. This supersedes the earlier decision by the Washington State Board on Geographic Names in March 2005 to name it "Tulutson Glacier", and is now the official name required for use in all US government documents and publications. See</p><br>
<p>(also known as Tulutson Glacier) is a geologically young glacier that is located on Mount St. Helens, in the USA state of Washington. The glacier formed after the 1980 Eruption and due to its location, the body of ice grew rapidly, unknown to the public for nearly 20 years. The glacier once contained ice caves in the smooth ice before the 2004-2008 volcanic activity. The growth of the lava dome and volcanic eruptions from 2004 to 2008 significantly altered the appearance of the glacier. In addition, new glaciers (rock or ice) have formed around Crater Glacier as well.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>True to its name, the glacier lies inside the north-facing crater left by the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens and the glaciers elevation is about 6,794 ft. A massive central lava dome emplaced from 1980 to 1987 occupies the center of the crater, and the glacier formed in the shape of a horseshoe around the dome, with two terminal moraines on the eastern and western sides. Heavy winter snowfall, repeated snow avalanches, rockfalls, and sun-shading by the surrounding cliffs to the south, led to the exceptionally rapid growth of this glacier. Thus, the glacier composition is estimated to be six-tenths ice and four-tenths rock, The surface of the glacier looks dark and dirty in the summer due to the numerous rockfalls from the steep, unstable crater walls along with ash from eruptions, all of which help to insulate and protect the growing glacier. The 2004-2008 volcanic activity created a series of domes that nearly split the glacier into two lobes at the south end of the crater. In spite of the four-year lava dome building period, the glacier remains North Americas youngest and fastest growing glacier. With the joining of the termini on the north end of Crater Glacier in May 2008, the body of ice completely encircles the lava domes. Meltwater from the glacier gives rise to Loowit Creek.</p><br>
<p>In 2000, glacier caves were discovered on the then-smooth glacier surface. Many of these glacier caves were big enough to explore, like the glacier caves on the summit of Mount Rainier. Most of the glacier caves were located near the 1980s lava dome, where hot steam and volcanic gas emissions from hidden fumaroles on the crater floor or lava dome melted holes in the young glacial ice. About 7,900 feet or 2.4 km of underground caves and passageways in the glacier were mapped and studied.</p><br>
<p>Since 2004, new glaciers have formed on the crater wall above Crater Glacier feeding rock and ice to Crater Glacier below. In addition, there are two rock glaciers to the north of the eastern lobe of Crater Glacier and one north of the western lobe. Two of these rock glaciers have merged with the Crater Glacier, with one on the west and one on the east. The other rock glacier on the eastern slopes of the crater wall is very close to touching the glacier.</p><br>
<h2>Evolution</h2><br>
<p>In the months after the eruption, the crater floor of St. Helens remained hot and unstable, with five minor volcanic eruptions, and lava dome construction between May and October 1980. After the eruptions ceased in the winter of 1980, the crater floor cooled down enough for snow and ice accumulation. Beginning with snowfall in the winter of 1980-1981, the glacier began to grow very rapidly in the shadow of the crater. The glacier thickened at a rate of as high as 50 ft per year and advanced northward as much as 135 ft a year. This glacier growth was discovered by scientists working in the crater about seven to nine years later. However, the existence of the glacier was not publicized until 1999. By 2004, Crater Glacier covered about 0.36 square mile (0.93 km), about 20% of the glacier area in the pre-1980 glaciers,</p><br>
<p>With the volcanic activity from 2004 to 2008, the glacier lobes were pushed aside and overthickened by the growth of new volcanic domes. As the two streams of ice were compressed between the caldera wall and the new lava domes, the ice moved rapidly downhill, much like the squeezing of toothpaste out of a container. This resulted in a very rapid advance of the glacier termini; first the western glacier arm merged with the rock glacier on the western crater wall and then, both arms of the Crater Glacier joined north 1980s lava dome in May 2008, despite the volcanic activity. In addition, the volcanic activity modified the surface of the glacier and transformed it from being mostly crevasse-free to being a chaotic jumble of icefalls heavily criss-crossed with crevasses and seracs due to movement of the crater floor and lava dome growth. However, cold rock on the edge of the glacier insulated the glacier ice from the 1,300 &deg;F lava spewing out of the lava domes, easing concerns of a catastrophic lahar caused by glacier melting. The porous nature of the crater floor also reduced the amount of meltwater flowing out of the caldera.</p><br>
<p>After the volcanic activity of the 2000s, the thickness of the glacier continues to increase at a slower rate of 15 ft per year and the glacier continues to advance at 3 ft (1 m) per day. The latest aerial imagery taken in 2012 shows that the glacier has entered the upper reaches of the Loowit Creek canyon and the headwaters of the creek. Ice mixed with rock debris now spills into the canyon and the creek has been pushed to the east. Nearby, on the slopes of the eastern crater wall, the glacier touches one of the rock glaciers and the glacier is very close to merging with the other rock glacier. A medial moraine can be seen at the interface of the eastern and western arms of the Crater Glacier.</p><br>
<h2>Naming</h2><br>
<p>Since the glacier was first observed to be forming and actively flowing in the late 1980s, most scientists working on the mountain have referred to it informally as the "crater glacier". That name has been in wide use with the public (at least those who were aware of the glacier&#39;s existence) for the two decades since the glacier formed, and has appeared in several scientific publications too. A single scientific paper, the most complete published study of the glacier to date, referred to it as the "Amphitheater glacier," but that name has not been used otherwise.</p><br>
<p>Despite numerous observations and publications about the growing glacier in the late 1990s and early 2000s, no move was made to give the glacier a permanent and official name until late 2004, after the current eruptive cycle began and the new dome began to split the glacier. At that time, a proponent from the Cowlitz tribe suggested the name "Tulutson Glacier," from the Cowlitz language word for ice. In March 2005, the Washington State Board on Geographic Names chose Tulutson over three other contenders (Crater, Spirit, and Tamanawas),</p><br>
<p>and so Tulutson Glacier became the de facto name.</p><br>
<p>However, the USA Board on Geographic Names had yet to make its decision, which would be official throughout the United States. The name Tulutson Glacier was submitted for consideration, along with Crater Glacier and Kraffts Glacier, which would have honored the volcanologists Katia and Maurice Krafft, killed by a pyroclastic flow in 1991. In June 2006, the USA BGN chose Crater Glacier because of its two-decade precedent of common use, despite objections from the state of Washington and the United States Forest Service which both preferred Tulutson. The scientists at the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory strongly supported Crater Glacier, and also commented that Tulutson may not be an appropriate name since the volcano "lies inland in a region where the native language was not Cowlitz but Sahaptin."</p><br>
<p>After the decision, some controversy erupted following an editorial in a local newspaper protesting the decision, and the state of Washington "has indicated that the name Tulutson Glacier will continue to appear on State products, although if the feature melts soon, as is anticipated, this may not be a great concern." Despite these protests, the glacier&#39;s official name remained Crater Glacier, though shortly after their June 2006 decision, the BGN received a follow-up proposal to name the two arms of the glacier, East Crater Glacier and West Crater Glacier. This was because, at that point in time, the dome-building eruptions had nearly split the glacier into an east and west arm. No further action has been taken on this matter and the merging of the ice streams north of the 1980s lava dome has rendered this move unnecessary.</p><br>
<p>The Whitney Glacier is a glacier situated on Mount Shasta, in the USA state of California. The Whitney Glacier is the longest glacier and the only valley glacier in California. In area and volume, it ranks second in the state behind the nearby Hotlum Glacier. In 1986, the glacier was measured to be 126 ft deep and over three km in length. The glacier starts on Mount Shasta&#39;s Misery Hill at 13,700 ft and then it flows northwestward down to the saddle between Mount Shasta and Shastina. There is a major icefall that occurs there since the ground is very uneven at 11,800 ft. Past the icefall, the glacier flows down the valley between Mount Shasta and Shastina with the terminus at 9500 to 9800 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Advance</h2><br>
<p>In 2002, scientists made the first detailed survey of Mount Shasta&#39;s glaciers in 50 years. They found that seven of the glaciers have grown over the period 1951-2002, with the Hotlum and Wintun Glaciers nearly doubling, the Bolam Glacier increasing by half, and the Whitney and Konwakiton Glaciers growing by a third. The study concluded that though there has been a two to three degree Celsius temperature rise in the region, there has also been a corresponding increase in the amount of snowfall. Increased temperatures have tapped Pacific Ocean moisture, leading to snowfalls that supply the accumulation zone of the glacier with 40 percent more snowfall than is melted in the ablation zone. Over the past 50 years, the glacier has actually expanded 30 percent, which is the opposite of what is being observed in most areas of the world. Researchers have also stated that if the global warming forecast for the upcoming next 100 years are accurate, the increased snowfall will not be enough to offset the increased melting, and the glacier is then likely to retreat.</p><br>
<p>Whitney Glacier, along with the Hubbard Glacier in Alaska, are larger now than in 1890. However, Hubbard Glacier, along with a few other notable glaciers whose termini are at sea level, are calving glaciers.</p><br>
<p>Mount Donna Buang is a mountain in the southern reaches of the Victorian Alps of the Great Dividing Range, located in the Australian state of Victoria. Approximately 80 km from Melbourne with an elevation of 1,250 m, Mount Donna Buang is the closest snowfield to Melbourne.</p><br>
<h2>Location and features</h2><br>
<p>In winter, it usually receives snow suitable for snowplay and tobogganing, and during the non-winter months the area is well visited by bushwalkers and cyclists. The summit of Mount Donna Buang is surrounded by alpine ash (or woollybutt) trees and sub-alpine snow gums, and at nearby Cement Creek there is a canopy walkway through myrtle beech and mountain ash trees known as the Mount Donna Buang Skywalk.</p><br>
<p>Mount Donna Buang is part of the Yarra Ranges National Park (established in 1995). The nearest serviced town to the mountain is Warburton.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>The lower and middle slopes of the mountain are characterised by very tall forests of mountain ash with a cool temperate rainforest mid story on the southern slopes and sheltered areas elsewhere on the mountain. Trees such as myrtle beech, sassafras and soft tree fern as well as large shrubs like hazel pomaderris are fairly common in this zone. On the higher slopes sub-alpine species such as woollybutt and snowgum predominate, although myrtle beech is also common almost to the summit.</p><br>
<p>It contains a number of native mammals including the rare Leadbeater&#39;s possum, and is home to 120 species of native birds. Some examples include the pink robin, yellow-tailed black cockatoo and the crimson rosella. The Mount Donna Buang wingless stonefly is endemic to the area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the 1860s, “Mount Acland” was the name given to the 1,250m high mountain by a Police Magistrate called Joseph Anderson Panton. The name it has today, “Mount Donna Buang”, probably came from the Wurundjeri aborigines.</p><br>
<p>A walking track to the summit of Mount Donna Buang was cut during the 1890s and the much wider Donna Buang Bridle Track, which the current road from Warburton to the top of Mount Donna Buang follows, was opened in 1912.</p><br>
<p>Timber from the mountain was harvested from the early 1900s to the mid 1920s with seven cable hauled tramways moving logs from the Ben Cairn - Donna Buang ridge down to sawmills near Warburton. While the forest has regrown and the mountain appears to have never been logged, relics such as tram rails and cables can still be found in the forest.</p><br>
<p>From 1925 to the early 1950s Mt Donna Buang was a popular ski resort. It had four ski lodges, day visitor shelters, cafes, a ski hire, a ski jump and six runs cut through forests of myrtle beech and woollybutt. For over 20 years it had thousands of visitors every weekend there was snow. However, the runs were fairly short and the snow cover was always erratic, so after the Second World War, better transport meant it lost out to higher ski resorts further from Melbourne, although the mountain remained popular with family snow play groups.</p><br>
<h3>Cycling</h3><br>
<p>The road from Warburton to Mount Donna Buang is a challenging cycling route, averaging 6.2% over 16.6 km and has also become a popular destination for recreational driving, motorcycling, and in the summer a challenging training route for endurance cyclists and triathletes.</p><br>
<p>The main public roads on Mt Donna Buang are:</p><br>
<p>Donna Buang Road, sealed from Warburton to a bit past the Mount Donna Buang Summit Road junction.</p><br>
<p>Acheron Way, joining Donna Buang Road about halfway up, leads to Marysville. It is sealed except for a 12 kilometre section in the middle.</p><br>
<p>Don Road runs from Healesville to the Warburton Highway between Yarra Junction and Launching Place. It connects with Donna Buang Road, and is unsealed for much of its length.</p><br>
<p>The &#39;Seshachalam Hills are hilly ranges part of the Eastern Ghats in southern Andhra Pradesh state, in southeastern India. The ranges were formed during the Precambrian era . Minerals contained in these hills include sandstone and shale interbedded with limestone. The ranges are bounded by the Rayalaseema uplands to the west and northwest, and the Nandyal Valley to the north.</p><br>
<p>Tirupati, a major Hindu pilgrimage town is located in the hills. The hills contain seven peaks namely, Anjanadri, Garudadri, Narayanadri, Neeladri, Seshadri, Venkatadri and Vrishabhadri, the highest at about 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level. The seven peaks are said to represent the seven hoods of Lord Adisesha, the king of serpents in Hindu mythology. The Srivenkateshwara National Park is also located in these ranges. The famous Natural Arch, Tirumala Hills is also a part of Seshachalam Hills, which dates back to the period in between Middle and Upper Proterozoic Eon.</p><br>
<p>In 2010 it was designated as a Biosphere Reserve.</p><br>
<p>It has large reserves of Red Sandal wood which is used in medicines, soaps ,spiritual rituals.</p><br>
<p>Lake Livingston is a reservoir located in the East Texas Piney Woods. Lake Livingston was built, and is owned and operated, by the Trinity River Authority of Texas  under contract with the City of Houston for water-supply purposes.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The lake construction was paid for by the sale of revenue bonds that were to be redeemed with income derived from the sale of water. The dam construction began in 1966 and was completed in 1969, by Forrest and Cotton, Incorporated. The cost to build the earthen dam was US$83,996,957.</p><br>
<h2>Use</h2><br>
<p>Water stored in the lake is used to supply industrial, municipal and agricultural needs in the lower Trinity River Basin and the Houston/Galveston metropolitan area. Its significance in the face of the extraordinary growth experienced by this region of the Upper Texas Gulf Coast is tremendous. A wide range of public and commercial recreation facilities including full service marinas, camping and motel accommodations are located along the shoreline. The City of Houston owns two-thirds of the water rights of the lake, with the other 1/3 remaining under control of the TRA.</p><br>
<h2>The lake</h2><br>
<p>The earthfill dam has a concrete spillway and was designed by Brown and Root, Incorporated (now KBR, Inc). The dam has a spillway crest elevation of 99 ft above mean sea level. The average base width of the Dam&#39;s earthen embankment is 310 ft wide. The spillway is designed and constructed to pass flows of three times the maximum-recorded flow of the river at this site.</p><br>
<p>Lake Livingston has a surface area of 83,000 acres (360 km²) and impounds 1,750,000 acre.ft of water at its normal pool elevation of 131 ft above mean sea level. The average depth of the lake is 23 ft with a maximum depth of 90 ft. Lake Livingston has more than 450 mi of shoreline extending into San Jacinto, Polk, Walker, and Trinity Counties.</p><br>
<h2>Flood control</h2><br>
<p>Lake Livingston was built with no flood control capabilities/flood storage capabilities, and because of this all water entering the lake whether it be from rainfall or inflow, must exit the lake as increase intake occurs. Flow through the dam is controlled by 12 tainter gates in a concrete and steel spillway that has an average depth of 55 feet. Operations of the spillway mirror river flows, so within a relative short period of time of increase of river flow discharge is increased, and vice versa.</p><br>
<h2>Hurricane Rita</h2><br>
<p>On September 23, 2005, rain and winds from Hurricane Rita caused waves up to 4 feet (1 m) in height to pound against the Lake Livingston dam. As a result, 11,000 feet (3.4 km) of large protective stones, or riprap, was stripped from the upstream face of the dam. To repair the damage the Trinity River Authority lowered the lakes pool level by 4 feet to 127 feet, preventing any further erosion of the exposed earthen embankment. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the City of Houston footed the $9.6 million repair bill and awarded the repair contract to Archer Western Contractors. Over the course of the repair movement of 72,215 tons of 32 inch rock in 3,183 truckloads and 15,808 tons of eight-inch (200 mm) bedding rock in 687 truckloads was required. The rock was mined from a quarry in Navarro County near Corsicana. Work was largely completed by April 28, 2006, but due to severe drought, the lakes regular pool level was not reached until November, 2006.</p><br>
<p>During the 2017 Hurricane Harvey, Lake Livingston reached a level of 133.52 feet above mean sea level (msl) and released 28,400 cubic feet of water per second.</p><br>
<h2>Entertainment references</h2><br>
<p>Lake Livingston was featured on the third episode of the first season of the television show, River Monsters, which airs on Animal Planet. The host, Jeremy Wade, was searching for alligator gar.</p><br>
<p>The Chasseral is a mountain of the Jura Mountains, overlooking Lake Biel in the Swiss canton of Bern. With an elevation of 1,606 metres above sea level, the Chasseral is the highest summit in the canton of Bern outside the Alps. It is also both the northernmost and easternmost mountain reaching over 1,500 metres in the Jura Mountains. West of the summit is located the Chasseral Ouest , where runs the border with the canton of Neuchâtel. The Chasseral Pass is located further on the west.</p><br>
<p>The Chasseral is the fourth most topographically isolated mountain of Switzerland, although it is the first when considering only easily accessible summits. This results in a very extensive view over the other mountains of the Jura, the Swiss Plateau, the Alps, the Vosges and the Black Forest. The summit can be reached from the Chasseral hotel, where is a bus stop.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Petzen  or Peca  is the highest mountain of the eastern Karawanks, the second-highest mountain of the Northern Karawanks and the most eastern two-thousand-metre mountain of Slovenia. It is a mighty mountain with a characteristic shape of a tableland with rocky peaks protruding from it. The mountain borders the Meža Valley and the Topla Valley to the south and east, and the Jaun Valley to the north, and is separated by the narrow valley of the Bela Creek from Hochobir. The mountain reaches its highest elevation on the mountain crest of the Kordež Head . The border runs across it.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is built of Triassic Wetterstein limestone and Wetterstein dolomite. In the past, lead and zinc was mined on Peca, the shafts belonging to the Topla and Mežica mines. In addition to the ore, several rare minerals were discovered underground in the mountain, such as wulfenite and calcite. From the global standpoint, the Topla mine is it a rare proof of the sediment creation of lead-zinc ore deposits in supratidal zones. A mine on the mountain is accessible to mountain bikes.</p><br>
<p>The lower slopes on the Slovenian side are forested, whereas the higher slopes are home to a variety of Alpine flora, including several species of flowers</p><br>
<p>A mountain hut was built at Little Peca (Slovene: Mala Peca; 1,665 m) in 1928, which was burnt down during World War II, and rebuilt in 1957. which is a historical monument. Inside it, there is a bronze statue of the sleeping king. The statue was designed in 1958 by the sculptor and mountaineer Marjan Keršič, cast in bronze by the sculptor France Rotar, and placed in the cave in 1962.</p><br>
<p>El Valle is a stratovolcano in central Panama and is the easternmost volcano along the Central American Volcanic Arc which has been formed by the subduction of the Nazca Plate below Central America. Some time prior to 200,000 years ago, the volcano underwent a huge eruption event that caused the top of the volcano to collapse into the empty magma chamber below forming a large caldera. Several lava domes have developed inside the caldera since the collapse—forming Cerro Pajita, Cerro Gaital and Cerro Caracoral peaks. Prior to research in the early 1990s, it was thought that no active volcanism existed within Panama. But radioactive dates from El Valle show that the volcano last erupted as recently as 200,000 years ago.</p><br>
<p>Work by de Boer et al. and Defant et al. of other volcanoes within Panama have shown that there are two episodes of volcanism—young ( 4.5 million years ago) groups. The young volcanism consists of adakites (slab melts) whereas the older volcanism appears to be normal calc-alkaline volcanism.</p><br>
<p>La Yeguada  is a massive stratovolcano located in Veraguas Province, Panama, north of the Azuero Peninsula.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>De Boer et al. were the first to show that La Yeguada volcano is active and part of the extension of the Central American volcanic arc in Panama. Further detailed work on the geochemistry of the lavas from La Yeguada and other volcanoes in Panama was completed by Defant et al. They substantiated, based on geochemistry, that the lavas were derived by subduction (calc-alkaline). Radiometric dates also showed that the volcanism falls into two groups that range from 20 million years to recent. They also showed that the youngest volcanism consists primarily of adakites (partial melts from the subducted slab) whereas the older volcanism is normal calc-alkaline lavas.</p><br>
<p>The region is also home to several sorts of trees, mainly, guayacanes which are now one of the most abundant trees in the region of Azuero, the valley is also an agricultural grassland since the Laguna La Yeguada works as a natural irrigation system which prevents the region&#39;s animals and plants from dehydration.</p><br>
<p>The woods in the valley is where most of the Panamanian cedro wood is produced.</p><br>
<p>The Andrew Zirkle Mill is a 1760s era grist mill located in the southern end of Shenandoah County, Virginia. The mill was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 after being restored by Glenn Hofecker, the owner at the time. The mill is cited as a prime example of the architecture and construction of grist mills and manufacturing facilities of its era.</p><br>
<h2>Virginia Historic Landmark</h2><br>
<p>Built by German pioneers who moved to the area from Pennsylvania in the 1750s, the mill is a remnant of the culture, industriousness and vision of these early settlers. Its use, architecture, builders, owners and location place it in the forefront of early frontier life. Added to the Virginia Historic Landmark Registry in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>About the mill</h2><br>
<p>In 1749, Thomas Lord Fairfax issued a land grant for 224 acre to George Brock. Brock sold this land in 1757 to, who had arrived in the area in 1755 with four brothers, two sisters and his mother. Shortly thereafter, Andrew and his brothers built the mill.</p><br>
<p>While the exact date of the construction of the mill remains a mystery, there is a variety of evidence that shows it was built and in operation by 1781. Anecdotal evidence places its construction in the early 1760s.</p><br>
<p>The mill has a log frame and uses mortice and tenon construction. The main beams of the mill, of which there are six, are huge timber beams. These beams are one piece, each of which are 40 ft long and over one foot square. The mill rests on a coursed rubblestone foundation built into the hillside. A portion of the mill foundation rests on solid bed of limestone that protrudes from the hill. There is also a large natural cleft in the rocks where the waterwheel now resides.</p><br>
<p>The waterwheel is fed by a mill race that extends nearly 1/2 mile upstream to the mill dam located on Holman&#39;s Creek. As it nears the mill, the water runs into a raised wooden flume to be fed to the Fitz Waterwheel. The waterwheel is 20½ feet in diameter and 2 ft wide. It was manufactured by the Fitz Waterwheel company of Hanover, PA was installed in the spring of 1921.</p><br>
<p>Inside the mill is a collection of equipment spanning the entire lifespan of the mill. The original granite and French quartz millstones are present, roller milling machines installed just before 1900, sifters, bolters, and other items. The mill also features a Fitz gearing installed in the basement that takes the power from the waterwheel and uses it to drive all the equipment.</p><br>
<h2>History of the mill</h2><br>
<p>The American historian George Bancroft writes of contributions made by citizens to relieve "the poor of Boston" during the hardships caused by the blockading of the harbor after the Boston Tea Party. Bancroft specifically mentions contributions made by settlers in the Northern Shenandoah Valley, citing 132 barrels of flour being brought into Winchester. The Boston Tea Party occurred in December 1773 and with the passage of the Intolerable Acts which contained the Boston Port Bill, the harbor was ordered closed June 1, 1774.</p><br>
<p>In "A History of Shenandoah County", written by Shenandoah Valley historian John W. Wayland, these contributions are cited and Wayland gives his interpretation of Bancrofts&#39; writings, stating that mills of Shenandoah County provided some of this flour. It is family tradition that the Zirkle Mill was one of the sources for this flour. This claim is given further credence by the Shenandoah County Publick Claims which show that in 1781 Andrew Zirkle contributed six barrels of flour to the Continental Army.</p><br>
<p>The mill is mentioned in a 1784 petition from local residents to build a road from the mill east to the town of New Market, VA. Andrew Zirkle, his brother Michael and other residents signed the petition. The Order Book of Shenandoah County Court lists instructions for Michael Zirkle, Andrew Zirkle, Jacob Neff and Benjamin Fossett "view a way for a Road from Andrew Sircles Mill to Abraham Dusks Smith Shop on the Main Road" and that they report their findings to the next court.</p><br>
<p>In 1817, Andrew directed the executor of his will to sell the mill and distribute the proceeds among his descendants. The mill was subsequently sold to George Mowrey who was apparently his miller at the time. Mowery was unable to hold onto the mill and it passed through a number of owners until it was purchased by Peter Myers who lived just outside Forestville, VA in 1853.</p><br>
<p>War had once again come to the valley as the north and south faced off against each other in the Civil War. After driving Confederate General Jubal Early from the field at the Battle of Fisher&#39;s Hill, Union General Phillip Sheridan pursued him as far south as Harrisonburg and McGaheysville, Virginia. There he stopped as he feared Confederate Troops from the Richmond area might move to his rear and trap his army between two forces.</p><br>
<p>General Sheridan received orders from General Ulysses S. Grant to burn "the breadbasket of the Confederacy." Sheridan then executed a strategic retreat northward towards Winchester and Union troops rode the width of the valley setting fields, barns and mills ablaze.</p><br>
<p>At the Zirkle Mill, the miller Samuel Hockman climbed the hill facing the mill. In the distance he could see the mills at nearby Moore&#39;s Store, Harpinetown and the Myers farm being set ablaze. He ran and got a Union Flag, climbed onto the roof of the mill and hung it there.</p><br>
<p>He ran to meet the Union Cavalry officers in the road. The flag and his pleadings convinced them of his sincerity and the troops were ordered to leave the mill alone. It was the only mill on Holman&#39;s creek to survive that day. The General in charge of the Union Cavalry in this area was none other than George Armstrong Custer. This fantastic tale is recounted in "The Burning: Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley" by Professor John Heatwhole.</p><br>
<p>After the war, the local people branded Hockman as a Union sympathizer and refused to patronize the mill and soon the owner Peter Myers was forced to sell. Joseph Andrick purchased the mill in 1867 and operated it until his death in 1893. His sons Casper and Charles ran the mill for a number of years and upgraded the mill by installing roller milling equipment. Much of this equipment is still in the mill today.</p><br>
<p>After the Andrick brothers sold the mill in 1906 it again passed through a number of owners hands each trying his hand at the milling trade. Finally, in the late 1940s, no longer able to compete with modernized factories the mill finally ceased operations after 180 years.</p><br>
<h2>Mill campaign</h2><br>
<p>The mill sat neglected for many years until in 1980 it was bought by a North Carolina carpenter named Glen Hofecker, who restored it to working order. It was during this time that the mill was added to the Virginia Historic Landmark Register in 1992 and then placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>Hofecker sold the mill at auction in 1992 to Bowman Fruit Sales, LLC controlled by Gordon D. "Sonny" Bowman, a local orchardist.</p><br>
<p>Bowman Fruit Sales owned the mill for 11 years and then decided to sell it. The mill was placed on the open market for a year with no takers. Finally, the Frontier Culture Museum of Staunton, Virginia came calling. They were looking for a mill to be the centerpiece of an exhibit on 1850s life and announced plans to move the upper portion of the mill to museum property in Staunton, Virginia. Two Zirkle descendents, Rob Andrews and Sherryl Andrews Belinsky formed the Save the Zirkle Mill Foundation (now called ) and conducted a year-long campaign to save the mill.</p><br>
<p>The Frontier Culture Museum is state funded and is restricted by acquisition laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The purchase of the mill property was highly irregular. After taking the case to the State Attorney General&#39;s office, the Attorney General issued an opinion stating that the Governor of Virginia must approve the acquisition of the mill by the museum as dictated by state laws.</p><br>
<p>In July 2005, Governor Mark Warner denied the acquisition of the mill by the museum. Bowman Fruit Sales waited a few months and quietly put the mill up for sale again. While it had become famous, there were few takers. Andrews and Belinsky made an offer for the mill and on January 5, 2006 became the owners of the Andrew Zirkle Mill.</p><br>
<h2>A new beginning</h2><br>
<p>The new owners have begun the process of bringing the mill back to life. While the project is expected to take many years, plans are being made and events have been held to further this goal. Signage has been added to the property and recently a historic highway marker was added in the parking lot across the road from the mill. The Highway Marker was donated by the Knight-Patty Fund of the Virginia Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.</p><br>
<p>A number of site improvements are underway and a portion of the grounds has been turned to agricultural use. Due to the numerous safety improvements required and the need to proceed slowly with changes, the mill is currently closed to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Pickle Barrel House is a two-story cabin built to resemble two barrels. The house design is based on cartoon characters that were two inches tall and lived under a rose bush in a pickle barrel. It is currently located in Grand Marais, Michigan on Michigan&#39;s Upper Peninsula on the southern shore of Lake Superior. It is near the intersection of state highway M-77 and county road H-58 of this gateway town to the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. There is an outdoor garden and also a seating area with a garden path between these two.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early</h3><br>
<p>William Donahey was an author, illustrator, and cartoonist. He created the Teenie Weenies cartoon feature</p><br>
<p>Donahey did several advertisements for Reid-Murdock & Company for the Monarch Foods line.</p><br>
<p>Teenie Weenies were on many of the labels of Monarch food products including coffee, peanut butter, popcorn, sausage, bacon, and all kinds of vegetables, including pickles. One advertisement featured a small pickle keg that was used as a house by some of his Teenie Weenies children characters.</p><br>
<p>One day in 1926 as a surprise for Donahey&#39;s wife Mary Dickerson Donahey, herself an author, along with Reid-Murdock he had a duplicate large version of the keg house built that they could actually use. Reid-Murdock ordered the Pickle Barrel House to be built by the Pioneer Cooperage Company of Chicago. This special cottage would then be for the Donaheys to use as a summer cabin in the woods at Grand Sable Lake to inspire their writings. The barrel house was a large-scale version of the miniature oak casks that held the Monarch-brand pickles. The Donaheys received much attention for their "barrel house on the lake" since nobody ever saw anything like this before. However, after 10 years it became a burden because of all the curiosity seekers and onlookers wanting to see how they lived. Ultimately they moved it from its original lake location.</p><br>
<h3>Later</h3><br>
<p>The Pickle Barrel house was moved to downtown Grand Marais in 1936 from the woods at nearby Grand Sable Lake when new tenants took possession. Through the years it was an ice-cream stand, an information kiosk booth, and a souvenir gift shop. These various tenants over the many years did not maintain the cottage as it should have been taken care of and the barrel house fell into disrepair. In 2003 the Grand Marais Historical Society acquired the property. They undertook the project of restoring the structure to its original condition. On July 3, 2005, after much work and with a budget of $125,000 in expenses the renovated Pickle Barrel House was opened to the public. The barrel house now shows how the Donaheys lived there in their summer cottage in the woods by the lake in the 1920s and 30s.</p><br>
<p>The barrel house museum has old pictures of the Donaheys in their one-of-a-kind pickle barrel cottage. Some of these old photos of the 1920s even show the "curiosity visitors" at their cottage in the woods. In the museum also are several books and other materials on William Donahey and his children&#39;s Teenie Weenies. One room alone showcases William Donahey and his artwork of creations of the Teenie Weenies. In this room is a seven-inch barrel on display showing a promotion for Monarch sweet pickles. The barrel house pretty much recreates its appearance and "atmosphere" when the Donaheys lived there. Out of town tourists that visit the unique and unusual house can now get the feel for what everyday life in a barrel would be like.</p><br>
<h2>Historical marker</h2><br>
<p>There is a Michigan Historical Marker at the Pickle Barrel House location that reads:</p><br>
<p>The barrel home has been accepted on the Michigan Register of Historic Places and is a Michigan Historic Home.</p><br>
<p>Kula is a volcanic field located in western Turkey. Kula field consists of a broad area of cinder cones and maars. It is the westernmost volcano of Turkey. The volcanic character of the area was recognized in antiquity, when it was named Katakekaumene  from the appearance of the environment, which was mostly suited for viticulture. Volcanism began in the Miocene and over three stages continued in the Holocene. It is associated with the presence of two neighbouring active  graben structures. Most cones are of small size and one of them  has its internal structure exposed. Total volume of the volcanic field extrusion is about 2,3 km and the lavas are rich in xenoliths. The plant succession on the lava fields and cones was subject of a study in 1974, which found that the vegetation is influenced both by climate factors such as temperature and precipitation and the orientation of the sides of the volcanoes in question. Footprints of prehistoric humans have been found in the area. The area is a geopark recognized by UNESCO given the universal and scientific value.</p><br>
<p>The Graue Mill is a water-powered grist mill that was originally erected in 1852. Now a museum, it is one of two operating water-powered gristmills in Illinois . It is located on Salt Creek in Oak Brook, Illinois, owned by the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County and operated by a nonprofit preservationist group.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Friedrich Graue, born in Germany, emigrated to the United States in the late 1840s. Changing his name to Frederick, he brought with him knowledge of the craft of waterwheel gristmilling. Settling in what was the farming village and early transportation hub of Fullersburg, Illinois, formerly named Brush Hill, he and William Asche (whose brother-in-law, Henry Fischer, built a wind-powered grist mill in what is now Mount Emblem Cemetery) filed claim in 1849 to a tract of damp, clay-rich bottomland along the banks of Salt Creek that was home to a sawmill that burned down the year before. Together they built a new sawmill. They together operated this mill for three years, until Graue decided to engage in the milling business on his own.</p><br>
<p>Digging ditches in the poorly drained soil, he and his family recovered clay that could be used to make bricks. The Graues built a kiln on their farmstead, fired the bricks, and slowly raised the new structure and waterwheel into place from the on-site building materials. The mill went into operation in the summer of 1852.</p><br>
<p>The ditching and draining of the Graue Mill farmstead was typical of German-American settlement patterns in the Midwest in the 1840s and 1850s, as the thrifty German emigrants found assets in tracts of land that had been left behind by earlier, English-speaking frontiersmen and women.</p><br>
<p>Graue could not build his entire mill from onsite materials. He bought four buhrstones that turned on water-driven axles to grind locally grown corn and wheat. Quarried in France, the buhrstones, a type of millstone, were carefully dressed by specially trained craftsmen so as to form two level, gritty surfaces that would pulverize the grain between them.</p><br>
<p>Graue and his family were Pietist Germans who opposed American slavery. The mill is one of three authenticated Illinois stops on the Underground Railroad, the subversive movement that helped fugitive slaves escape from the American South to Canada.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>The Graue Mill operated in eastern DuPage County under three generations of the Graue family for approximately 60 years. In the 1910s, advances in milling technology, particularly the invention of steel rolling mills, drove the old mill out of business. The derelict mill was restored by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1934-1943, and was opened to the public as a working historic site in 1951.</p><br>
<p>As DuPage County became urbanized in the second half of the 20th century, the mill&#39;s surroundings lost their agricultural context. The mill building itself, however, was honored as a survivor from Illinois post-frontier years. The Graue Mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975, and was recognized as a Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark in 1981. The mill has been periodically re-restored since 1943 to keep it in operating condition, including work completed in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Graue Mill is located at 3800 S. York Road, on the banks of Salt Creek in Oak Brook, Illinois, and is surrounded by Fullersburg woods. It is currently open to the public and as of 2017 grinds grain which can be purchased at the site. Check the Graue Mill and Museum website for dates and times of operation.</p><br>
<p>Old Speck Mountain, also known as Old Speckle Mountain, is a mountain located in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The mountain, the fourth-highest in the state, is the northeasternmost and highest of the Mahoosuc Range, the northeasternmost part of the White Mountains. Old Speck is flanked to the southwest by Mahoosuc Arm, and faces Baldpate Mountain to the northeast across Grafton Notch.</p><br>
<p>Old Speck is within the watershed of the Androscoggin River, which drains into Merrymeeting Bay, the estuary of the Kennebec River, and then into the Gulf of Maine. The north and east faces of Old Speck drain into the Bear River, then into the Androscoggin. The southeast and southwest faces drain into the Bull Branch of Goose Eye Brook, then into the Sunday River and the Androscoggin. The northwest face drains into Silver Stream, then into Chickwolnepy Stream and the Androscoggin.</p><br>
<p>The summit of Old Speck is on the southern boundary of Grafton Notch State Park. The Appalachian Trail, a 2,170 mi National Scenic Trail from Georgia to Maine, runs along the Mahoosuc Range, 0.3 mi west of the summit of Old Speck. A short side trail runs from the Appalachian Trail to the summit of the mountain. Speck Pond is located below the mountain&#39;s summit, at 3,400 ft, it is annually stocked with brook trout. The Appalachian Trail descends 1.1 mi from a location near the summit of Old Speck Mountain to the pond.</p><br>
<p>Tendürek  is a shield volcano located in the Ağrı and Van provinces of eastern Turkey, close to the borders with Iran. The elongated volcano rises 1,800 m above the Doğubeyazıt plain, south of Mount Ararat. Two main cones with a crater each and several minor lateral cones form the edifice. The edifice dates 700,000–500,000 years BP to 13,000 BP and is mostly constructed from basaltic lavas, with some pyroclastics and trachytic/trachyandesitic lavas. It has a volume of more than 300 km and covers a surface area of about 650 km. Pyroclastic cones with basaltic lava flows on the eastern side of the mountain are around 2,500 years old. The last known eruption may have been a gas and ash eruption in 1855, and hydrothermal systems exist on the volcano. Since 1993, the volcano has been subsiding in a ring fault. The Armenian name for the mountain was Tondrak; the area around the mountain was the birthplace of the medieval Armenian Tondrakite Movement of the 950s, which based its ideology on Paulician teaching.</p><br>
<p>The Bloomington Central Business District is a historic district in downtown Bloomington, Illinois. The district includes roughly twelve square blocks of the city and encompasses 140 buildings, 118 of which are contributing buildings to the districts historic character. The 1901 McLean County Courthouse, the center of government of McLean County, is the focal point of the district. The other buildings in the district were built between 1842 and 1942 and are primarily commercial. The Miller-Davis Law Buildings, two of the oldest buildings in the district, were built in 1843 and represent the early period of Bloomingtons development. Bloomington&#39;s commercial core grew rapidly during the 1850s and 1860s after two railroads opened in the city; while the 1854 Gridley Bank is the only surviving pre-1857 building from this period, several more remain from the later part of the boom. The city continued to grow, and its business district continued to expand, from 1860 until 1900; however, a fire destroyed much of its downtown in 1900. Several buildings in the district date from the rebuilding period of the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 28, 1985.</p><br>
<p>The East Grove Street District is a residential historic district located on the 400 through 700 blocks of East Grove Street in Bloomington, Illinois. The district includes 43 houses and apartment buildings, 25 of which are considered contributing buildings. The houses in the district were built between 1855 and 1915 for many of Bloomington&#39;s upper middle class residents. Due to a building boom between 1880 and 1900, the then-popular Queen Anne style is the most prevalent in the district. Other popular architectural styles in the district include Greek Revival homes from the 1850s, Italianate homes built between 1860 and 1880, and Arts and Crafts homes built in the 1900s.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 26, 1987.</p><br>
<p>The George H. Cox House is a historic house located at 701 E. Grove St. in Bloomington, Illinois. It is considered a particularly fine example of the residential work of architect George H. Miller.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>George H. Cox was secretary-treasurer and general manager of the Hungarian Roller Mill Company. The company was owned by his brother Thomas. Cox also co-owned a flour mill with William Hasenwinkle. He served on the board of the Corn Belt Bank. Architect George H. Miller designed the home in 1886 in the Queen Anne style. Cox had a close association with Miller, who designed the Corn Belt Bank. Miller also designed the Bruner building for Cox&#39;s in-laws. J. H. McGregor was selected as contractor for the $20,000 house. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 14, 1985. It is also a contributing property of the East Grove Street District.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The houses front entrance is located within a circular porch supported by turned columns; the porchs roof is topped by a small balcony. An octagonal tower with stained glass windows and a bell-shaped dome is located behind the porch. A second-floor balcony with a mock half-timbered gable is partially hidden behind the right side of the tower. A small octagonal dormer, also featuring stained glass windows, is located to the left of the tower.</p><br>
<p>The George H. Miller House is a historic house located at 405 W. Market St. in Bloomington, Illinois. Prominent local architect George H. Miller built the house in 1890 for himself and his family. Miller designed many new buildings in downtown Bloomington after a 1900 fire destroyed much of the area; he also served as Superintendent of USA Buildings and designed many federal buildings in the Midwest. Millers house is an eclectic variation on the Queen Anne design. The house features a hexagonal tower on its southeast corner and a conical dormer projecting from the front of the multi-component roof. The front entrance is arched and flanked by columns; small recessed porches are located above the entrance and on the east side of the house. The house has several stained glass windows, including a window with Millers name at the front entrance and a large circular window on the west side.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 20, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The John M. Hamilton House is a historic house located at 502 South Clayton Street in Bloomington, Illinois. John Marshall Hamilton, who served as governor of Illinois from 1883 to 1885, lived in the house prior to becoming governor. The house was built circa 1872 by fur trader James Clark, who sold the property to Hamilton in 1873. Hamilton&#39;s state political service began while he lived in the house, as he was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1876; he served in the senate for four years and became president pro tem in 1879. In 1881, Hamilton was elected lieutenant governor under Shelby Moore Cullom; when Cullom became a USA Senator, Hamilton assumed the governorship. Hamilton left his house upon taking office and never returned to Bloomington.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 6, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Miller–Davis Law Buildings, known commonly as the Miller Davis Building, are located on Main and Front Street in the McLean County, Illinois city of Bloomington. The law offices served future Supreme Court Justice David Davis and future Illinois State Senator Asahel Gridley. The buildings became a gathering place for local lawyers such as Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Even before the construction of the Miller–Davis Law Buildings in Bloomington, Illinois, the street corner of Main and Front Streets were a popular political rallying point. Stephen A. Douglas and David Davis debated Congressional elections here in 1840. The Miller–Davis Law Buildings were the second and third brick buildings in Bloomington, completed in 1843. Future Illinois Treasurer James T. Miller, a local businessman and land speculator, financed their construction. James Goodheart, William T. H. Miller and Squire Lawrence were tasked with its construction. They are the oldest buildings in the Bloomington Central Business District and the only examples of non-residential 1840&#39;s architecture in McLean County.</p><br>
<p>The offices buildings were used by some the state&#39;s most prominent lawyers. The first floor of the Miller building was used as a pharmacy while the second floor was used as law offices. David Davis financed an addition to this building for his own purposes. He practiced law here until he was named to the Illinois Circuit Courts in 1848. Asahel Gridley and John M. Scott practiced in the Miller offices starting in 1848. Among the lawyers known to have met with Davis, Scott, and Gridley are Joshua R. and Jesse W. Fell, William W. Orme, Ward Hill Lamon, James T. Miller, Leonard Swett, Stephen A. Douglas, and Abraham Lincoln.</p><br>
<p>The Robert Greenlee House is a historic house located at 806 N. Evans St. in Bloomington, Illinois. Contractor Robert Greenlee built the house circa 1884 for himself and his family. The house has a Queen Anne design topped by a hipped roof with cross gables. A dormer above the attic extends from a second-story front window; the dormer and window are decorated with Eastlake spindlework and bracketing. A tall stained glass window on the north facade features a central rose window and surrounding geometric panes, a pattern fitting both the Queen Anne and Eastlake styles. The cornice and front porch include dragon-shaped bracketing, a decorative element taken from Anglo-Japanese architecture; an Anglo-Japanese influence can also be seen in the roof&#39;s pagoda-style curvature.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 7, 1997.</p><br>
<p>The Ruben M. Benjamin House is a house located in the United States city of Bloomington, Illinois. It is a two-story, rectangular building, styled in the Classical Revival architectural motif. It was built in 1856 by the man who would become the first governor of the state of Colorado, John L. Routt. Ruben M. Benjamin, a prominent attorney, lived in the home for more than 60 years. He is best remembered for litigation relating to the railroads and their regulation by state government. The United States National Register of Historic Places added the Ruben M. Benjamin House in August 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The home was constructed in 1856 by then-carpenter John L. Routt. It is the only home in Bloomington that can definitively be attributed to Routt.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The home is cast in the Classical Revival architectural style. The house was built by carpenter Routt, who later became the first governor of the state of Colorado. The front of the house and the end of its gabled roof face East Grove Street, to the south. The second story features three rectangular windows with a circular window gracing the gable end at the third floor attic. At its front and back ends, the roof is supported by shallow wooden brackets. The double front door has a small, flat roof overhanging it and west side of the house features a bay window.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The house was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 1982. Though the structure is listed on the National Register independently it is included within the boundaries of the East Grove Street Historic District. The house is considered a contributing property to the historic district which was added to the National Register in 1987.</p><br>
<p>The historic significance of the home is in its association with Ruben M. Benjamin, who lived in it for more than 60 years, until he died in 1917. Benjamin was raised in Chatham Center, Columbia County, New York. He first graduated from Kinderhook Academy and then Amherst College and eventually attended Harvard law school for a year. He ended up in Bloomington in 1856. When Benjamin passed the bar exam in 1856, Abraham Lincoln served as his examiner. After passing the bar, Benjamin married and practiced law with various Bloomington lawyers, such as Asahel Gridley and Thomas F. Tipton. In 1869, Benjamin was elected to the Illinois state constitutional convention, where he distinguished himself as a leader. During the convention Benjamin strongly advocated language allowing the regulation of the freight industry. The clauses he supported were included in Article XI of the Illinois Constitution.</p><br>
<p>Benjamin soon put the new constitution to the test when he undertook, perhaps, his biggest claim to fame. In 1872, he filed quo warranto proceedings against the Chicago and Alton Railroad, demanding their charter be revoked because they were charging rates which seemed unfair. The Chicago and Alton Railroad&#39;s rate structure charged US$5.65 to haul 1000 ft (304.8 m) of lumber from Chicago to Lexington but charged 65 cents less for a longer trip from Chicago to Bloomington. As a result, lower courts ruled that the state could regulate the rate structures of railroads, later the Supreme Court of the United States overturned the ruling on the grounds that some rate discrimination may prove justifiable. During the process of their decision, the Supreme Court made it clear that states did indeed have the right to regulate the rates of railroads and, by implication, the right to regulate other companies.</p><br>
<p>The Scott–Vrooman House is a historic home located at 701 East Taylor Street in Bloomington, Illinois. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1869 by Matthew T. and Julia Green Scott. Matthew was a significant local businessman and developer. After Matthews death in 1891, Julia became a prominent businesswoman and community leader; her accomplishments included serving as president of the McLean County Coal Company, which Matthew founded. The couples daughter, also named Julia, married Carl Vrooman, who was Assistant Secretary of Agriculture under President Woodrow Wilson. The mansion was the site of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas. The oak beneath which the debates occurred has been gone for years; however, a plaque commemorates the location. The Vrooman Mansion is now a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<p>The Stevenson House, located at 1316 E. Washington St. in Bloomington, Illinois, was the boyhood home of Illinois governor and two-time Democratic presidential nominee Adlai Stevenson II. Architect Arthur Pillsbury designed the house in 1900 for original owner Lyman Graham. In 1906, six years after Adlai&#39;s birth, the Stevenson family bought the house. Adlai lived in the house through his junior year in high school to attend University High School in nearby Normal, Illinois; he subsequently graduated from the Choate School in Connecticut. He served as governor of Illinois from 1949 to 1953, ran for president on the Democratic ticket in 1952 and 1956, and served as USA Ambassador to the United Nations from 1961 until his death in 1965.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 24, 1974.</p><br>
<p>Former United States Army Air Force aircraft serial number 41-20124 is a World War II era fully restored Douglas DC-3, owned by a private party and based at Marathon Key, FL. Civil registered as N763A the aircraft has also been operated by the United States Navy with the designation R4D-3 and serial number 05078. The aircraft has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since August 1, 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Manufacture</h2><br>
<p>While this specific C-53 rolled off the assembly line on March 11, 1942, it is one example of 399 such aircraft manufactured by Douglas Aircraft Company of Santa Monica, California. The aircraft was immediately transferred to the US Navy and operated with VU-1 as an R4D-1</p><br>
<p>The aircraft model, known officially as the "Skytrooper," was produced for the USA Army Air Force as a passenger and light cargo craft prior to and during World War II.</p><br>
<p>The White Building, also known as the Heberling Building, is located in the city of Bloomington, Illinois, United States. Located along Bloomington&#39;s East Douglas Street, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in June 1994 and represents one of the better examples of Commercial style architecture still extant in the city. It was built by Bloomington resident Samuel R. White in 1894-1895 to house his furniture sales company. By 1903 the Heberling Brothers pharmacy and their associated businesses occupied most of the building and the White company had moved its facilities to a nearby location. The White Building is a five-story red brick building which is elaborately windowed and has a three-story connected extension to its west which probably predates it.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The White Building was constructed by Bloomington businessman Samuel R. White in 1894-1895. White came to Bloomington in 1870 by way of Huntington, Indiana, at a time when Bloomington was already an economic center with railroads leaving in eight directions from the city. in 1872 White, a building contractor, established himself as an independent contractor and constructed various buildings around the Bloomington and other Illinois cities, including the First Ward School in Bloomington and the Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago. In 1873 White founded a coal company and lumber yard. White founded S.R. White Manufacturing in 1878; it eventually became one of Bloomingtons leading manufacturers. The company began manufacturing residential furniture in an old mill located on Bloomingtons Douglas Street but by 1883 they had occupied new facilities (a planing mill and factory across the street) and started to focus on the manufacture of sashes, doors, blinds and finished lumber. Whites company was hit by two fires from 1884-1887 and the entrepreneur was forced to rebuild a safer, brick structure. Whites factory was eventually expanded and it became the mill for the furniture store that White founded in 1894-1895 with the completion of the White Building.</p><br>
<p>Upon the buildings completion, the Bloomington Store Fixture Company, a White-owned furniture store, occupied the top three floors of the building, the basement, and the adjoining structure to the west. On the third floor was the companys woodworking machinery, the fourth held an area for machine and bench work, and the fifth floor was utilized for finishing and storage. To the west of the structure the three-story adjacent building was used for lumber storage. That building, historically, has been described as an addition to the White Building in more than one source. However, stoned in window openings on the smaller, three-story west structure indicate that it was constructed prior to the White Building. Regardless the buildings are both historically and architecturally linked.The buildings first two floor were not occupied by Whites furniture company, instead they functioned as spaces for a variety of other businesses. The first floor was occupied by a pharmacy in its northeast corner while the second floor was occupied by Gordon Manufacturing Company, a manufacturer of metal oil cans. Somewhere in the building was a blacksmith shop.</p><br>
<p>A 1900 fire in Bloomington destroyed most of the downtown commercial district, though it stopped short of the White Building. In 1903 the Heberling Brothers purchased the pharmacy on the building&#39;s first floor. During the next year the Heberlings moved their own company, Heberling Medicinal and Extract Company, into the building. By 1910, with the Heberlings slowly occupying more and more of the building, the Bloomington Store Fixtures Company moved all operations to the S.R White Manufacturing Company plant, across the street from the White Building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The White Building is a blend of a typical loft construction building and the desire for heightened functionality and safety while offering an aesthetically pleasing design. The building is characterized, like others of its style, by its fenestration. Many of the features of this style are the result of the demands of business and industry.</p><br>
<p>The White Building is a five-story structure with a three-story western extension on the corner southwest corner of Douglas and Prairie Streets in Bloomington. It is located about two blocks east of the downtown Bloomington commercial historic district area. The five-story section of the property is a 112 ft by 70 ft rectangle, while the three-story portion is an offset 80 ft by 50 ft rectangle. The smaller building probably predates the larger White Building, having seen use as a possible livery stable. The smaller building was refashioned as an addition to the White Building shortly after its construction on the five-story structure was completed in 1895.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the building is timber framed construction, with the posts set 18 ft apart. The exterior walls are load-bearing brick which extends to the building foundation. The windowed masonry basement extends several feet above ground level and the building&#39;s extremely low-pitch roof is not visible from street level. The three-story extension to the west of the White Building is also of timber frame and brick construction. It has a partial fourth-floor extension with a clerestory window.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The White Building is a locally significant example of an industrial Commercial style building. It is the best remaining example of this type and style in the city of Bloomington. There are other examples still extant within the city though they are no longer part of their historical streetscape, mostly obscured by overpasses constructed during the 20th century. Stylistically those buildings are less sophisticated than the White Building and more utilitarian. The White Building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on June 17, 1994.</p><br>
<p>The Matthew T. Scott House is a historic house located in Chenoa, Illinois. Chenoa&#39;s founder Matthew T. Scott and his wife Julia Green once lived in the house. It was built in two parts, The first section of the House was built in 1855 in a form known informally as a Kentucky Cat Slide, and is the caretakers living quarters. The second section of the house, the front section, was built in 1863 in the form known as Georgian. The house features 3 period rooms, a Daughters of the American Revolution  room, and a Chenoa room. The house is significant as an example of a home from this time period.</p><br>
<h2>House</h2><br>
<p>Mrs. Matthew T. Scott was Julia Green, she survived her husband and became not only a landowner, but a founder and later President of the DAR. Her sister, Letitia Green, married Adlai E. Stevenson I in this house in 1866. Mr. Stevenson was a circuit lawyer, then residing in Metamora, who subsequently became a congressman; served as Postmaster General during President Grover Clevelands first administration (1885–1889), and as the 23rd Vice President of the United States during President Grover Clevelands second administration (1893-1897).</p><br>
<p>The house was often visited by Adlai Ewing Stevenson I and his cousin James Stevenson Ewing, USA minister to Belgium. Adlai Stevenson courted Letitia Green, who was Matthew T. Scott&#39;s sister-in-law. The couple were later married in the house in 1866. Stevenson and Green later had their first child Lewis Green Stevenson in the house in 1868.</p><br>
<p>The house was later bought and restored by Mrs. Elizabeth Stevenson Ives, a great niece of Matthew T. Scott. The House was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places on February 10, 1983. The Scott House can be found along 1st Avenue in the McLean County, Illinois city of Chenoa.</p><br>
<p>The Gildersleeve House was a house located at 108 Broadway in Hudson, Illinois. Settler James T. Gildersleeve built the Greek Revival house for his family in 1836. Gildersleeve founded the village of Hudson and named it after the area of New York where he formerly lived. The house was the villages first frame house and was its finest home in its early years; as a result, it hosted local events and was the villages first post office. Gildersleeve planted five oak trees outside the house; the trees grew together at their base, giving the house the name "Five Oaks". The house was demolished in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 28, 1977; despite its demolition, it remains on the Register.</p><br>
<p>The Le Roy Commercial Historic District is a commercial historic district in downtown Le Roy, Illinois. The district includes 27 buildings, 25 of which are contributing buildings, on the 100 through 300 blocks of East Center Street and the 100 block of North Chestnut Street; it also includes the Town Park at the west end of East Center Street. The buildings in the district were constructed from 1870 to 1945, Le Roy&#39;s main period of commercial development. Many of the buildings were constructed after serious fires in 1892 and 1907. In addition to its many commercial buildings, the district also the Le Roy Town Hall, a brick building constructed in 1902. The Town Park was intended to be a town square and includes a band pavilion and a statue of Kickapoo chief Osaketa; however, as commercial development mainly spread east from the park, it never occupied a central location in Le Roy.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 16, 1996.</p><br>
<p>The John Patton Log Cabin is a log home located in Lexington Park District Park in Lexington, Illinois. The home was built in 1829 by John Patton, an early settler of McLean County. Patton, who was originally from Switzerland County, Indiana, came to a Kickapoo village in the area; he built his cabin with the tribe&#39;s assistance three months after his arrival. After McLean County was incorporated in 1831, the cabin became one of its first polling places. The cabin is now the only surviving early government building in the county as well as the only remnant of European interactions with Native Americans. The City of Lexington renovated the cabin in 1969 and now uses it as a museum.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 1, 1986.</p><br>
<p>Chanomi Creek is a body of water in the Niger Delta in Delta State, Nigeria.</p><br>
<h2>Incidents in and near Chanomi Creek</h2><br>
<p>On July 12, 2006, a group of boats, escorted by Nigerian troops, were assaulted by militants in twenty speedboats. Four Nigerian naval soldiers were killed, and several Chevron workers were taken captive; they were released July 14.</p><br>
<p>Also in 2006, oil pipelines in the area were vandalized by people described as "militant youths" by Funsho Kupolokun, Group Managing Director of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). The NNPC announced it would repair the targeted pipelines.</p><br>
<p>On January 20, 2007, six Filipinos and one Nigerian who were traveling on a boat (operated by the German company Baco Liner) in Chanomi Creek were kidnapped while on their way to Warri. The group the kidnappers belonged to has yet to be identified. The Nigerian government has engaged in talks with the group who seized the rebels, and government spokesman Sheddy Ozoene said that the six Filipinos "are in good health."</p><br>
<p>The Cedar Crest Addition Historic District is a residential subdivision and historic district in Normal, Illinois. The subdivision is bounded roughly by Division Street to the south, Highland Avenue to the north, Fell Avenue to the west, and a local recreation trail, the Constitution Trail, to the east. Developed from 1914 to 1930, Cedar Crest Addition was the first large planned subdivision in Normal. Prior to its construction, Normal lacked paved streets and townwide electrical, sewer, and water systems and was considered more a rural area than a proper suburb of Bloomington. Planner Burt Marley Kuhn and architect Aaron T. Simmons planned the subdivision to be more developed and organized; in particular, it featured tree-lined curvilinear streets inspired by the City Beautiful movement. Simmons designed many of the houses in the district in the then-popular American Craftsman style, another modern addition to Normal. The subdivision gave Normal a much more modern reputation, and a local historian called it "one of the most important additions ever made to Normal" in the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 15, 2006.</p><br>
<p>Clear Lake Site is an archaeological site located in Sand Ridge State Park 6.5 mi from Manito, Illinois. The site was occupied for the majority of the period from 500 B.C. to 1500 A.D. cultures which have occupied the site include the Early Woodland, Havana Hopewell, and Mississippian. The site consists of a village area and two burial mounds. University of Chicago archaeologists conducted the first excavations at the site in 1932. Significant further excavations were conducted by George and Ethel Schoenbeck of the Peoria Academy of Science; the couple recovered 24,000 pottery shards from the site which represent every pottery type found in Central Illinois. The Illinois State Museum, which received all artifacts recovered by the Schoenbecks, conducted its own excavations at the site in the 1950s.</p><br>
<p>The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 28, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Robert Waugh House, also known as the Sparland Octagonal House, is located in the Marshall County village of Sparland, Illinois, on a steep hillside overlooking the Illinois River. The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since October 1978. The house was built by Robert Waugh, on land purchased for the sum of 25 dollars. It is the only site in Marshall County listed in the Register. It is a private house and has "pie-shaped rooms around a central spiral staircase".</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Robert Waugh was born in Selkirkshire, Scotland in 1838 and immigrated to the United States in 1850. He settled in Marshall County, Illinois in 1853. In 1870, Waugh opened a dry goods store on Ferry Street in the town of Sparland. Waugh initially lived in the apartment above his store. In 1886, he purchased a property and commissioned an octagon house. It is uncertain why Marshall chose this relatively obscure style, although it is possible that he was aware of another octagon house approximately 10 mi southeast of Sparland. Marshall moved in upon its completion in 1887 and lived there until 1913. At this point, Waugh&#39;s business partner, Andrew Aitchison, purchased the property. The house remained in the Aitchison family until 1973. As of 1978, it was one of only ten remaining octagon houses in Illinois; the Waugh House is the only remaining one made of brick. Furthermore, the Waugh House is one of the few that is unaltered since completion. On October 4, 1978, the house was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Robert Waugh House is a two and a half story octagonal house. The red brick house sits on a coursed limestone foundation. All eight facades are 16 ft long. The roof is low pitched and has three gabled dormers. The main facade faces east toward School Street and has a single-story hexagonal porch. The porch has six doric order columns and a simple balustrade. The adjacent facades (northeast and southeast) feature a first-story three-windowed bay. Above these bays are a grouped pair of double hung windows. The other five facades have two-over-two double hung windows. All windows have stone stills and have a shallow brick arch. The house is relatively simple and lacks ornamentation.</p><br>
<p>Pymatuning Reservoir is a man-made lake in Crawford County, Pennsylvania and Ashtabula County, Ohio in the United States, on land that was once a very large swamp. Much of it is incorporated into two state parks: Pymatuning State Park in Pennsylvania, and Pymatuning State Park in Ohio.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first known inhabitants were the Mound builders. Two of their mounds were flooded by the creation of Pymatuning Lake. The Lenape were living in the area when European settlers first came there. The lake is named for the chief who lived in the area at the time, Pihmtomink. The Lenape were pushed out of the area by the Seneca tribe, a member of the Iroquois Confederacy. The Seneca were defeated by General Anthony Wayne&#39;s forces during the Northwest Indian War and left the area under the terms of the Treaty of Greenville. This treaty marked the end of Native Americans inhabiting the area.</p><br>
<p>The first settlers to the area were farmers, whose life was not easy, as the land was very swampy and very difficult to reclaim. Farm animals that wandered off were often lost in the quicksands of the swamp, or fell prey to predators like foxes, bears and mountain lions. The swamps were infested with mosquitoes that brought yellow fever to the settlers.</p><br>
<p>An unsolved murder case is associated with the then Pymatuning Swamp: in 1932 by herpetologist Norman Edouard Hartweg, while he was searching for reptiles, ran into a body of a lady. The police concluded that she had been murdered elsewhere, but her identity was never confirmed, nor the murderer identified.</p><br>
<h2>Dam and lake</h2><br>
<p>Building a dam on the Shenango River was first explored in 1911. A massive flood in 1913 caused $3 million in damage and took several lives. The Pennsylvania General Assembly approved a budget of $1.2 million to build at dam across the Shenango, but Governor John K. Tener slashed the budget to just $100,000.</p><br>
<p>The Pennsylvania legislature took action again in 1917, this time approving a $400,000 budget under the condition that the needed land in Ohio be purchased by the private sector. The Pymatuning Land Company was formed and raised the funds to purchase the needed Ohio properties. The land was finally acquired in full by 1931 when Governor Gifford Pinchot approved $1.5 million to complete the dam. 7,000 men began work on the dam in 1931 and the project was completed in 1934, with a final total cost of $3,717,739. The lake now holds 64.3 e9USgal of water, covering 17,088 acres (69.15 km) over a length of 17 miles (27 km) with a width of 1.6 miles (2.6 km) at the widest and 70 miles (113 km) of shoreline, with a maximum depth of 35 feet (11 m). The lake has served to provide a water supply for the Shenango and Beaver valleys, it has lessened the damage caused by floods, and provided recreation for the people of Ohio and Pennsylvania. Two state parks, each named "Pymatuning State Park", are on the lake in Ohio and Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>A scenic 2-mile-long causeway bridge spans the middle of the lake, connecting the towns of Espyville on the Pennsylvania side of the lake and Andover on the Ohio side. The bridge is crowned in the middle, with tall pillars and broad ducts underneath to allow lakewater to flow freely across the reservoir, and to permit the passage of sailboats and other pleasure craft travelling from one half of the lake to the other. The bridge is also equipped with small concrete and earthen pull-offs large enough for several vehicles apiece, with concrete staircases and walkways below the parking spaces to allow travelers to stroll down and fish or sightsee beside the bridge.</p><br>
<p>The Pennsylvania portion also has a spillway separating the (higher) upstream-most portion of the lake from the rest. A parking area along the spillway serves a popular warm-weather attraction commonly known as where the ducks walk on the fish because visitors throw stale bread to the thousands of fish (and occasional ducks) that congregate there.</p><br>
<p>The Sentinel Building is a historic building located at 232 East Broadway in Centralia, Illinois. The building was constructed in 1881 to serve as the headquarters and printing press of the Centralia Sentinel, Centralias daily newspaper. Renovations in 1922 and 1929 converted the buildings design to the Egyptian Revival style; the change reflected the Sentinels slogan, "Egypts Greatest Daily", which was chosen since the newspaper served the Little Egypt region. The entrance to the building features yellow reed molding, pharaoh heads on either side, and a cavetto cornice. Terra cotta plaques with Egyptian motifs decorate the buildings upper story, and lotus-patterned terra cotta trim adorns its parapet. The buildings lobby includes an 11 ft tall panel depicting a scene from the Temple of Edfu as well as Egyptian-inspired detailing.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 15, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Calendar Rohrbough House is a historic house located at 3rd and Washington Streets in Kinmundy, Illinois. The Italianate house was built in 1875 for Calendar Rohrbough, a local merchant and politician. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house is designed in the Italianate style. A verandah wraps around the south and west sides of the house; the verandah features scroll brackets on its cornice and at the top of its supporting posts. Scroll brackets also decorate the cornice of the houses hip roof. The houses exterior windows are tall, narrow, and topped by arched brick lintels. The interior of the house features several rooms arranged around a central hallway and staircase; the rooms are decorated with oak trim, and the doors are topped with oak grilles. The Illinois Historic Structures Survey named the house as the best surviving example of the style in Kinmundy.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The houses first owner, Calendar Rohrbough, was born in Upshur County, Virginia and moved to Kinmundy in 1857. He served in the Civil War for the Union Army from 1862 to 1865, achieving the rank of captain as a member of the 118th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. After returning to Kinmundy, Rohrbough founded the Kinmundy First National Bank and the Kinmundy Savings and Loan Association. He was also active in politics and was elected mayor of Kinmundy before attempting a run for USA Congress in 1888. After Rohrboughs death, Fred O. Grissom purchased the house in 1925. Grissom also served as mayor of Kinmundy; in addition, he served as the city&#39;s postmaster for twenty-three years and as editor and publisher of the Kinmundy Express for eighteen. Grissom lived in the house until his death in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 6, 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Illinois Central Railroad Water Tower and Pump House are a water tower and pump house in Kinmundy, Illinois, which served the Illinois Central Railroad.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Illinois Central first built a line through Kinmundy in 1856. As steam engines could only carry a limited water supply at the time, the railroad was dependent on local sources of water near the towns it stopped at. Since these sources were often unreliable, the railroad created its own water supply in several locations. Kinmundy, where the railroad created a 28 acre reservoir, was one such town. The water tower and pump house stored water from the lake and transported it to steam trains.</p><br>
<p>Similar towers were located every 15 to 20 mi along the line; the towers were used until the Illinois Central ceased to use steam locomotives in the 1950s. In 1951, the city of Kinmundy purchased the water tower and pump house for municipal use.</p><br>
<h2>Conservation</h2><br>
<p>The tower is one of two remaining wooden water towers along Illinois Central lines in Illinois, and as the town&#39;s depots have been demolished, the two buildings are the only extant structures representing Illinois Central service to Kinmundy.</p><br>
<p>The structures were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. They comprise one of Kinmundy&#39;s two National Register listings, along with the Calendar Rohrbough House.</p><br>
<p>The Badollet House is one of three properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the Marion County, Illinois county seat of Salem. The house was built for businessman Howard Badollet and his wife. The house was designed in the Italianate style and is the only surviving Italianate home in Salem. The two-story brick house consists of a front section completed in 1854 and a rear wing finished the following year. The decorative elements of the house were most likely added in the 1860s or 1870s. The house&#39;s hip roof features overhanging eaves and a bracketed cornice. The original front porch was replaced by a simpler two-story porch around 1900.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Charles and Naomi Bachmann House is a historic house located at 401 S. Walnut St. in Salem, Illinois. The house was built in 1929 for Charles Bachmann, a local furniture salesman, and his wife Naomi. Architect William Morrow designed the house using a plan from a book published by the Architects Small House Service Bureau. The Architects Small House Service Bureau, which was endorsed by the American Institute of Architects, was organized to provide plans for builders of small houses, most of whom could not afford professional architects. The Bachmann Houses plan incorporated elements of the Classical Revival and Mediterranean Revival styles. The houses design features two second-floor iron balconies with decorative acanthus brackets, a pediment above the front door, and a tile roof.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. It is one of three properties in Salem listed on the Register. The other two properties, also houses, are the William Jennings Bryan Boyhood Home and the Badollet House.</p><br>
<p>The William Jennings Bryan Boyhood Home is a historic house located at 408 S. Broadway in Salem, Illinois. The house was the birthplace and boyhood home of William Jennings Bryan, three-time Democratic Party nominee for president. The two-story frame house was built in 1852 for Silas Bryan, an Illinois State Senator and father of William Jennings Bryan. William Jennings Bryan was born in the home in 1860.</p><br>
<p>The city of Salem operates the home as a museum, including information and memorabilia about Bryan, his politics and his times. Bryan himself donated the house to the city in the early 1900s, as he wished for it to become a museum. The house features two main rooms in the front, a kitchen and a dining room in back, and three bedrooms upstairs.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The Vienna Public Library, also known as Vienna Carnegie Library, is a Carnegie library located at 401 Poplar St. in Vienna, Illinois. The library was built in 1911 through a $5000 grant from the Carnegie Foundation. The brick building, designed by local architect Thomas Clymer, features a tall flight of stairs leading to the front entrance; two pilasters flank the staircase. The building provided a permanent home for Viennas library program, which was established in 1895 and had rotated through a number of local buildings prior to 1911. County medical services have also been based in the library; the American Red Cross used the building as its headquarters during a 1917 influenza outbreak, and a trachoma clinic operated in the basement from 1936 to 1964. The building has also been used as a gym, a headquarters for city services, and a meeting place for several womens organizations and the Johnson County Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The library was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 24, 1995. It is one of two buildings on the National Register in Johnson County, along with the Johnson County Courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The Embarras River Bridge is a bridge in Jasper County, Illinois, which carries Wade Township Road 164 across the Embarras River. The south end of the bridge is in the city of Newton, while the northern end is in Wade Township. The Pratt through truss bridge was built in 1890 by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company to replace a derelict wooden bridge. At 148 ft in length, the bridge is relatively long for a Pratt truss bridge. The bridge is the only Pratt through truss bridge in the county and is one of the oldest truss bridges of any type in the state.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 20, 1998.</p><br>
<p>In 2014 renovations began to make the bridge into a biking and walking trail called Eagle Trails. Remodling was completed in 2015 and is open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The C. H. Judd House is a historic farmhouse located in rural Jefferson County, Illinois, near the village of Belle Rive. The brick Victorian home was constructed in 1881. Most farmhouses constructed in Jefferson County in the 1880s were frame buildings, and few houses were built of sturdier brick. Furthermore, the majority of the brick farmhouses were either destroyed in an 1888 tornado or demolished, and the Judd House is the only surviving brick farmhouse from the era. The house was the home of C. H. Judd, a wealth farmer and local politician.</p><br>
<p>The Judd House has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1983. It is one of two sites on the National Register in Jefferson County, the other being the 5th District Appellate Court in Mount Vernon.</p><br>
<p>As of the summer of 2008, it has been recently purchased by Brian and Zhonette Boots who are planning to renovate the house, barn and grounds into Chateau Belle Rive Lavender Farm and Vineyard. The opening of the grounds is set for the spring of 2009.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1990s the farmhouse was operated as Enchanted Crest Bed and Breakfast.</p><br>
